mardi 18 décembre 2012, 13:18
La France, modèle mondial de l’agroécologie ? Par Richard Marietta.. In Bastamag.net
Lettre ouverte à Stéphane Le Foll
L’agriculture française a perdu 160 000 paysans entre 2000 et 2010, soit 21 % de sa population active. Une véritable « hémorragie sociale » qui ne doit pas être ignorée lors de la conférence nationale « Produisons autrement » le 18 décembre. Dans une lettre ouverte au Ministre de l’Agriculture Stéphane Le Foll, la fédération internationale de l’agriculture biologique Nature & Progrès appelle à une réforme agraire. L’enjeu, devenir le « modèle mondial de l’agroécologie ».

Nous nous félicitons, monsieur le Ministre, de vos récentes déclarations : « La France doit être le modèle mondial de l’agroécologie. Il faut réconcilier écologie et agriculture ».
Une agriculture plus écologique nécessite plus de main d’œuvre et plus de paysans, de nombreuses études concernant l’agriculture biologique le démontrent. Or en France, c’est l’inverse qui se produit. La réduction et le vieillissement de la population agricole est inquiétante : l’agriculture française a perdu 160 000 paysans entre 2000 et 2010, soit 21 % de sa population active [1]. C’est la plus forte hémorragie sociale toutes professions confondues ! Oserez-vous affirmer que le nombre de paysans doit continuer à diminuer ou au contraire déclarer avec nous que c’est en stimulant les installations et les systèmes autonomes paysans que nous pouvons inverser la tendance pour devenir le « modèle mondial de l’agroécologie » et « produire autrement » ?
Nous soutenons la position de Via Campesina dans la déclaration de Surin datée du 11 novembre 2012 [2], qui défend une vision globale de l’agroécologie et des semences paysannes comme moyen d’atteindre et conserver notre souveraineté alimentaire. Via Campesina se positionne pour une autonomie paysanne indépendante des firmes d’intrants agro-industriels, qui ne relègue pas une poignée d’agriculteurs survivants au statut de sous-traitants de l’industrie agroalimentaire. Une approche écologique de l’agriculture implique un positionnement fort pour la production et la consommation locales par des paysans nombreux, ceci afin de reconquérir la souveraineté alimentaire de la France perdue dans les années 80.
Nous appelons à une réforme agraire, dans le cadre de l’agroécologie, qui prenne en compte les problématiques majeures telles que : l’accès au foncier, l’accès aux semences paysannes, l’adaptation des normes industrielles et des dispositifs administratifs aux agricultures diversifiées à taille humaine, la promotion des circuits courts et des marchés locaux, le changement du système de subvention à l’hectare vers une aide proportionnelle au nombre d’actifs sur les fermes, la suppression des subventions à l’exportation et la révision du système fiscal pour plus d’équité.
Une telle approche permettra de tendre vers un équilibre écologique, social et économique pour les filières agricoles et agro-alimentaires, et servira de base nourricière pour la société dans son ensemble.
Nous vous prions de croire, Monsieur le Ministre, à l’expression de notre très haute considération.
Pour le Conseil d’Administration de la Fédération Nature & Progrès, son Président,
Richard Marietta, paysan-transformateur dans le Tarn
Notes
[1] Source Agreste, recensement agricole 2010.
[2] Texte intégral de la déclaration de Surin disponible sur le site www.viacampesina.org
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